- Overview
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Dr Roxane Carr’s research focus is to study the safety and effectiveness of drugs used to treat a variety of illnesses in children. She is also interested in studying the impact of various treatment modalities (extracorporeal life support (heart-lung machine), dialysis, and therapeutic plasma exchange (plasmapharesis) on drug dosing in children as well as optimal methods to monitor the drug therapy of children and for pharmacists to communicate about drug therapy issues with children and their care givers.
- Publications
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Safety of Cefazolin in Pregnant Patients with Documented Penicillin Allergy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Caitlin Chew and Roxane Carr and Chelsea Elwood and Vanessa Paquette
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.3774
10/2025True Rate of Allergy among Pediatric Inpatients with Penicillin Allergy Labels (TRIAL)
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Kwan, N. and Kang, K. and Carr, R.R. and Mak, R. and Roberts, A. and Jin, F. and Bone, J.N. and Rassekh, S.R. and Wong, T.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.3531
2024Effectiveness of Alprostadil for Ductal Patency
Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Gordon, C.M. and Tan, J.T. and Carr, R.R.
DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-29.1.37
2024Clinical pathway development to standardize pharmacological medication management of agitation in pediatric inpatient settings
Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Wood, M.D. and Gandhi, K. and Elbe, D. and Saran, K. and Leung, S. and McKay, J. and Carr, R. and Chapman, A.
2024Describing Intravenous Extravasation Injuries in Children (DIVE2 Study)
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Devsi, J.A. and Paquette, V. and Carr, R.R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.3525
2024A Review of Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist and Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Neonates and Infants
Pediatric Drugs
Tan, J. and Jeffries, S. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.1007/s40272-023-00580-z
2023Characterizing the Use of Nabiximols (¿9-Tetrahydrocannabinol–Cannabidiol) Buccal Spray in Pediatric Patients
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Hagg, L. and Leung, S. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.3349
2023Development and validation of the Pediatric Asthma kNowleDge and mAnagement (P.A.N.D.A) questionnaires
Journal of Asthma
Clara Levivien and Jennifer Kendrick and Roxane Carr
DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1978482
10/2022Comparison of Sodium Bicarbonate and Lactated Ringers Hydration for High-dose Methotrexate Chemotherapy in Children
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
Kendrick, J. and Jacques, L. and Baadjes, B. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000002393
2022Navigating the complex realm of drug access in paediatric care
Paediatrics and Child Health (Canada)
Dean, P.H. and Carr, R. and Jensen, C. and Strahlendorf, C.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxab001
2021Conflict between pharmacy preceptors and pharmacy learners in experiential education
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Kendrick, J. and Beauchesne, A. and Lee, Y.V. and Corrigan, S. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.4212/CJHP.V74I1.3044
2021Analysis of knowledge evaluation tools for pediatric patients participating in an asthma education program,Analyse des outils d'évaluation des connaissances pour les patients pédiatriques participant à un programme d'éducation sur l'asthme
Journal de Pharmacie Clinique
Levivien, C. and Carr, R. and Curatolo, N. and Rieutord, A.
DOI: 10.1684/jpc.2019.0420
2019Survey of therapeutic drug monitoring practices in pediatric health care programs across Canada
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Leung, D. and Ensom, M.H.H. and Carr, R.
2019RELATE: Relationship of limited sampling strategy and adverse effects of mycophenolate mofetil in pediatric renal transplant patients
Pediatric Transplantation
Berger, I. and Haubrich, K. and Ensom, M.H.H. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.1111/petr.13355
2019Pharmacologic Management of Agitation and Aggression in a Pediatric Emergency Department – A Retrospective Cohort Study
The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics
DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-23.6.455
11/2018A naloxone admixture to prevent opioid-induced pruritus in children: a randomized controlled trial,Un mélange de naloxone pour prévenir le prurit induit par les opiacés chez les enfants: une étude randomisée contrôlée
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia
West, N. and Ansermino, J.M. and Carr, R.R. and Leung, K. and Zhou, G. and Lauder, G.R.
DOI: 10.1007/s12630-015-0380-5
2015Pediatric Obesity: Pharmacokinetics and Implications for Drug Dosing
Clinical Therapeutics
Kendrick, J.G. and Carr, R.R. and Ensom, M.H.H.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.05.495
2015Pediatric Assessment of Vancomycin Empiric Dosing (PAVED): a Retrospective Review
Pediatric Drugs
Rainkie, D. and Ensom, M.H.H. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.1007/s40272-015-0122-8
2015Standard-dose versus high-dose acyclovir in children treated empirically for encephalitis: A retrospective cohort study of its use and safety
Pediatric Drugs
Kendrick, J.G. and Ensom, M.H.H. and Steer, A. and White, C.T. and Kwan, E. and Carr, R.R.
DOI: 10.1007/s40272-014-0066-4
2014Stability of epinephrine at standard concentrations
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Carr, R.R. and Decarie, D. and Ensom, M.H.H.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v67i3.1356
2014The invisible white coat: Awareness of pharmacists in a neonatal intensive care unit
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Bajwa, R. and Kendrick, J.G. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v67i4.1374
2014Evaluating preferences for long term wheeze following RSV infection using TTO and best-worst scaling
Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology
Lilla MC Roy and Nick Bansback and Carlo Marra and Roxane Carr and Mark Chilvers and Larry D Lynd
DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-10-s1-a64
2014A pharmacokinetics module taught within a pediatrics pharmacotherapy course
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
Gerber, P. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.5688/ajpe776126
2013Safety and effectiveness of dexmedetomidine in the pediatric intensive care unit (SAD-PICU)
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Carney, L. and Kendrick, J. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v66i1.1208
2013Overview of antiarrhythmic drug therapy for supraventricular tachycardia in children
Progress in Pediatric Cardiology
Escudero, C. and Carr, R. and Sanatani, S.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2012.11.008
2013Compatibility and stability of morphine sulphate and naloxone hydrochloride in 0.9% sodium chloride for injection
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Kistner, C. and Ensom, M.H.H. and Decarie, D. and Lauder, G. and Carr, R.R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v66i3.1253
2013A systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs in neonates with refractory seizures
Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Tulloch, J. K., Carr, R. R., & Ensom, M. H. H. (2012). A Systematic Review of the Pharmacokinetics of Antiepileptic Drugs in Neonates With Refractory Seizures. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics¿: JPPT, 17(1), 31–44. http://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-17.1.31
DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-17.1.31
02/2012Canadian survey of critical care pharmacists' views and involvement in clinical research,Estudio canadiense sobre la implicación de los farmacéuticos de cuidados críticos en investigación clínica y sus opiniones en torno a ESTE tema
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Perreault, M.M. and Thiboutot, Z. and Burry, L.D. and Rose, L. and Kanji, S. and Leblanc, J.M. and Carr, R.R. and Williamson, D.R.
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1R180
2012Use of methadone for prevention of opioid withdrawal in critically Ill children
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Jeffries, S.A. and McGloin, R. and Pitfield, A.F. and Carr, R.R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v65i1.1098
2012The medical management of pediatric arrhythmias
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
Escudero, C. and Carr, R. and Sanatani, S.
DOI: 10.1007/s11936-012-0194-5
2012Identification by families of pediatric adverse events and near misses overlooked by health care providers
CMAJ
Daniels, J.P. and Hunc, K. and Cochrane, D.D. and Carr, R. and Shaw, N.T. and Taylor, A. and Heathcote, S. and Brant, R. and Lim, J. and Ansermino, J.M.
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.110393
2012The need for better data about counterfeit drugs in developing countries: A proposed standard research methodology tested in Chennai, India
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Seear, M. and Gandhi, D. and Carr, R. and Dayal, A. and Raghavan, D. and Sharma, N.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01198.x
2011Safety and pharmacokinetics of ribavirin for the treatment of la crosse encephalitis
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
McJunkin, J.E. and Nahata, M.C. and De Los Reyes, E.C. and Hunt, W.G. and Caceres, M. and Khan, R.R. and Chebib, M.G. and Taravath, S. and Minnich, L.L. and Carr, R. and Welch, C.A. and Whitley, R.J.
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31821c922c
2011Describing intravenous extravasation in children (DIVE study)
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Paquette, V. and McGloin, R. and Northway, T. and DeZorzi, P. and Singh, A. and Carr, R.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v64i5.1069
2011Pharmacokinetics and drug dosing in obese children
Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Kendrick, J. G., Carr, R. R., & Ensom, M. H. H. (2010). Pharmacokinetics and Drug Dosing in Obese Children. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics¿: JPPT, 15(2), 94–109.
05/2010A human factors and survey methodology-based design of a web-based adverse event reporting system for families
International Journal of Medical Informatics
Daniels, J.P. and King, A.D. and Cochrane, D.D. and Carr, R. and Shaw, N.T. and Lim, J. and Ansermino, J.M.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2010.01.016
2010Comparison of continuous and intermittent IV infusion of vancomycin: Systematic review
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Man, S.S.K. and Carr, R.R. and Ensom, M.H.H.
DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v63i5.949
2010Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Children With Osteopenia or Osteoporosis Referred to a Pediatric Metabolic Bone Clinic
PEDIATRICS
S. A. Bowden and R. F. Robinson and R. Carr and J. D. Mahan
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2007-2111
06/2008Long-term effectiveness outcome of melatonin therapy in children with treatment-resistant circadian rhythm sleep disorders
Journal of Pineal Research
Roxanne Carr and Michael B. Wasdell and Donald Hamilton and Margaret D. Weiss and Roger D. Freeman and Joseph Tai and Wop J. Rietveld and James E. Jan
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2007.00485.x
11/2007Complementary and alternative medicine for upper-respiratory-tract infection in children
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy
Carr, R.R. and Nahata, M.C.
DOI: 10.2146/ajhp040613
2006Azithromycin for improving pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Carr, R.R. and Nahata, M.C.
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1D589
2004Drug Disposition and Therapy in Adolescence: The Effects of Puberty
The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Roxane R. Carr and Mary H.H. Ensom
DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-8.2.86
04/2003Fluoxetine in the Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Roxane R Carr and Mary HH Ensom
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1a265
04/2002Octreotide for sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia following overdose
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Carr, R. and Zed, P.J.
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1C076
2002Paralysis in the critically ill: Intermittent bolus pancuronium compared with continuous infusion
Critical Care Medicine
De Lemos, J.M. and Carr, R.R. and Shalansky, K.F. and Bevan, D.R. and Ronco, J.J.
DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199912000-00007
1999Primary induction with mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids in a liver transplant recipient with hepatorenal syndrome
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Carr, R.R. and Yoshida, E.M. and Chung, S.W. and Partovi, N.
DOI: 10.1345/aph.17059
1998 - Research
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Review of Pharmacokinetics of Medications in Children Undergoing Therapeutic Plasma Exchange
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE), also known as plasmapharesis or “plex”, is a process that separates plasma for the cellular components of blood, discarding the plasma and exchanging it with replacement physiologic fluids such as albumin or fresh frozen plasma. TPE is used in the management of many types of conditions, including (but not limited to) systemic lupus erythema, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), myasthenia gravis, severe septic shock, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), and Guillain Barre syndrome. By virtue of its nature, TPE extracts medications from plasma and potentially affects drug disposition and clearance. However, the degree and impact on the impact of TPE on pharmacokinetics is not well described and currently available literature is limited to case reports with highly variable parameters reported. This makes optimal dosing of key medications (especially antibiotics, sedative and anti-seizure medications) during and around TPE difficult to predict. Objectives: To describe the impact of TPE on serum drug concentrations of phenytoin, phenobarbital, vancomycin, gentamicin, and valproic acid. To describe optimal dosing around TPE to maintain target drug serum concentrations.Correlation of limited sampling strategy for mycophenolate in pediatric solid organ transplant patients
Mycophenolate is commonly used as an immunosuppressant in children who have received solid organ transplants to prevent rejection of the graft. Currently therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended as dosage and serum concentration do not correlate well however it is unclear from the literature what the upper limit of the therapeutic range should be and if limited sampling strategies to estimate area under the curve correlates to effectiveness and adverse drug reactions. Objective: To describe the correlation between limited sampling strategy for mycophenolate and clinical effectiveness (adverse drug reactions and signs or organ graft rejection)The Feasibility of Patient and Caregiver Self-Referral to Clinical Pharmacists in the Inpatient Pediatric Setting
Pharmacists play a significant role in patient care, part of which involves direct interaction with patients and caregivers. During hospitalization, many patients and caregivers may be unaware that a pharmacist is part of their team. In a previous study at our site, we found that only 10% of caregivers recalled speaking with a pharmacist; however 86% of caregivers indicated that they would like to speak with a pharmacist.1 Patients and caregivers may be unaware of how to contact their pharmacist during hospitalization, since they do not have the same direct access to their pharmacist as they would in other settings. Objective: To assess the feasibility of a patient/caregiver self-referral service to pharmacistsHonours & Awards2012/2013 Pharmacotherapy Best Practices Award, Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Carney L, Kendrick J, Carr RR. Safety and Effectiveness of Dexmedetomidine in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (SAD–PICU)
2015/2016 Pharmacotherapy Best Practices Award, Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Collins K, Ensom MHH, Rainkie D, Carr RR. Pediatric assessment of vancomycin empiric dosing 2 (PAVED2).
Research Group MembersLynne Taylor
Congratulations to the 2025 Outstanding Achievement recipients
The Outstanding Achievement Award recognizes the remarkable accomplishments of our trainees in research aimed at improving the health and well-being of children and families. Generously funded by the BC Children’s Hospital Foundation, this program plays a pivotal role in acknowledging and nurturing excellence within our research community. Each year, awards are given to trainees whose research skills and analytical abilities demonstrate strong potential to contribute meaningfully to the scientific community.
